整理/李怡蒙 制圖/董怡璇

　　見聞之知

　　由耳、目等感官與外物接觸而獲得的認識，與“德性之知”相對。張載最先區(qū)分了“見聞之知”與“德性之知”。宋儒認為，人對生活世界的認識是通過兩種不同方式實現(xiàn)的。通過目見耳聞所獲得的認識，即是“見聞之知”。“見聞之知”是人的認識不可缺少的，但“見聞之知”不足以窮盡對事物的認識，也無法獲得對世界本體或本原的認識。

　　Knowledge from One's Senses

　　The term refers to knowledge derived from contact between externalities and one's sensory organs such as the ears and eyes, in contrast to "knowledge from one's moral nature". Zhang Zai was the first to differentiate between "knowledge from one's senses" and "knowledge from one's moral nature".

　　Confucian scholars of the Song Dynasty felt that people acquired knowledge about the world in which they lived in two ways. Knowledge obtained from seeing and hearing was "knowledge from the senses", which was an essential part of human knowledge. However, it was not a complete picture, nor could it provide an understanding of the original source or ontological existence of the world.

　　引例

　　聞見之知，非德性之知，物交物則知之，非內也。（《二程遺書》卷二十五）（聞見之知，不是德性之知，感官與外物相接觸則獲得了對外界的認知，并非由內心而生。）

　　Knowledge from one's senses is not knowledge from one's moral nature. It comes from contact with external objects and not from the inner workings of the heart. (Writings of the Cheng Brothers)

來源：中國青年報