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山居美學(xué)是一種獨(dú)特的空間美學(xué)體系，它根植于中國傳統(tǒng)文化，融合了現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)理念，體現(xiàn)了人與自然和諧共生的哲學(xué)思考。這種美學(xué)追求的不是簡單的形式美，而是一種精神境界的呈現(xiàn)，是對(duì)自然、人文、空間的深度理解與詮釋。山居美學(xué)的核心在于"天人合一"的哲學(xué)思想。這種思想強(qiáng)調(diào)人與自然的和諧統(tǒng)一，主張?jiān)谧鹬刈匀灰?guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)造人文空間。在民宿設(shè)計(jì)中，這種思想體現(xiàn)為對(duì)山地環(huán)境的敬畏與順應(yīng)，通過巧妙的設(shè)計(jì)手法，將建筑融入自然，創(chuàng)造出既具現(xiàn)代舒適性又不失自然韻味的空間。

Mountain dwelling aesthetics is a unique space aesthetic system, which is rooted in traditional Chinese culture, integrates modern design concepts, and reflects the philosophical thinking of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The pursuit of this kind of aesthetics is not a simple formal beauty, but the presentation of a spiritual realm, and the deep understanding and interpretation of nature, humanity and space. The core of the aesthetics of mountain dwelling lies in the philosophical thought of "unity of heaven and man". This kind of thought emphasizes the harmonious unity of man and nature, and advocates the creation of humanistic space on the basis of respecting the laws of nature. In the design of homestays, this idea is reflected in the awe and adaptation to the mountain environment, and through clever design techniques, the architecture is integrated into the nature, creating a space with both modern comfort and natural charm.

在山地民宿的空間設(shè)計(jì)中，因地制宜是最基本的原則。設(shè)計(jì)師需要深入分析地形地貌，充分利用山地的自然特征。例如，在陡峭的山坡上，可以采用錯(cuò)層設(shè)計(jì)，既減少土方工程量，又能創(chuàng)造出層次豐富的空間體驗(yàn)。在平坦的臺(tái)地上，則可以采用開放式布局，讓建筑與周圍環(huán)境自然過渡。

空間層次的營造是山居美學(xué)的精髓。通過不同高度的平臺(tái)、錯(cuò)落的庭院、曲折的廊道，創(chuàng)造出豐富的空間序列。這種設(shè)計(jì)不僅能夠適應(yīng)山地地形，還能引導(dǎo)人們以不同的視角欣賞山景，增加空間的趣味性。

光影與材質(zhì)的運(yùn)用是塑造空間氛圍的關(guān)鍵。山地的特殊光照條件為設(shè)計(jì)提供了獨(dú)特的機(jī)會(huì)。通過巧妙的開窗設(shè)計(jì)，可以讓陽光在不同時(shí)段創(chuàng)造出變幻的光影效果。在材質(zhì)選擇上，應(yīng)優(yōu)先考慮本地材料，如石材、木材等，既能體現(xiàn)地域特色，又能與自然環(huán)境和諧統(tǒng)一。

In the space design of mountain homestays, adapting to local conditions is the most basic principle. Designers need to deeply analyze the topography and make full use of the natural features of the mountain. For example, on steep hillsides, split-level designs can be used to reduce earthwork while creating a richly layered spatial experience. On flat terraces, an open layout can be adopted, allowing the building to transition naturally to its surroundings.

The construction of space level is the essence of mountain residence aesthetics. Through platforms of different heights, scattered courtyards and zigzag corridors, a rich spatial sequence is created. This design can not only adapt to the mountain terrain, but also guide people to enjoy the mountain scenery from different perspectives, increasing the interest of the space.

The use of light, shadow and material is the key to shaping the atmosphere of the space. The special lighting conditions of the mountain provide a unique opportunity for design. Through the clever opening of the window design, the sunlight can create changing light and shadow effects at different times. In the selection of materials, priority should be given to local materials, such as stone, wood, etc., which can not only reflect regional characteristics, but also harmonize with the natural environment.

傳統(tǒng)文化元素的現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)譯是山居美學(xué)的重要課題。設(shè)計(jì)師可以從傳統(tǒng)山居建筑中提取元素，如坡屋頂、庭院、廊道等，但需要用現(xiàn)代的設(shè)計(jì)語言重新詮釋。例如，傳統(tǒng)的木結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)代的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，既保留了傳統(tǒng)韻味，又符合現(xiàn)代建筑規(guī)范。

在地文化的創(chuàng)新表達(dá)是民宿設(shè)計(jì)的靈魂。每個(gè)山地都有其獨(dú)特的文化底蘊(yùn)，設(shè)計(jì)師需要深入挖掘這些文化元素，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為空間設(shè)計(jì)的語言。這可以體現(xiàn)在建筑形態(tài)、室內(nèi)裝飾、景觀設(shè)計(jì)等多個(gè)層面，使民宿成為展示當(dāng)?shù)匚幕拇翱凇Ｉ蠲缹W(xué)的空間呈現(xiàn)是提升民宿品質(zhì)的關(guān)鍵。山居生活強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種慢節(jié)奏、高品質(zhì)的生活方式。在設(shè)計(jì)中，應(yīng)該注重細(xì)節(jié)的打磨，如舒適的閱讀角落、觀景平臺(tái)、茶室等，為客人創(chuàng)造深度體驗(yàn)山居生活的機(jī)會(huì)。

The modern translation of traditional cultural elements is an important subject of mountain dwelling aesthetics. Designers can extract elements from traditional mountain dwelling buildings, such as pitched roofs, courtyards, corridors, etc., but they need to be reinterpreted with modern design language. For example, the traditional wooden structure can be transformed into a modern steel structure, which retains the traditional charm and conforms to modern building codes.

The innovative expression of local culture is the soul of homestays design. Each mountain has its unique cultural heritage, and designers need to dig into these cultural elements and transform them into the language of space design. This can be reflected in architectural form, interior decoration, landscape design and other levels, making homestays a window to display local culture. The spatial presentation of life aesthetics is the key to improve the quality of homestay. The mountain life emphasizes a slow pace and high quality of life. In the design, attention should be paid to the polishing of details, such as comfortable reading corners, viewing platforms, tea rooms, etc., to create opportunities for guests to experience mountain life in depth.

一、杭州桐廬 · 柒竹青龍塢

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

桐廬青龍塢坐落在杭州市桐廬縣富春江鎮(zhèn)的蘆茨村，它位于富春江畔，四周被群山環(huán)繞。2009年，蘆茨村成為杭州“風(fēng)情小鎮(zhèn)”創(chuàng)建點(diǎn)，并于2012年被列入富春江慢生活體驗(yàn)區(qū)的核心區(qū)域。自2014年起，富春江鎮(zhèn)和慢生活體驗(yàn)區(qū)管委會(huì)對(duì)青龍塢、外深坑和里深坑進(jìn)行了整體規(guī)劃，推進(jìn)“空心村二次創(chuàng)業(yè)”。通過引入精品項(xiàng)目來盤活閑置房屋與存量土地，該區(qū)域的總投資接近2億元。到了2022年，青龍塢區(qū)的44幢農(nóng)房全部完成招商，引進(jìn)了“放語空”、“流云”等12個(gè)特色項(xiàng)目入駐，形成了產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，并被稱為“青龍塢藝術(shù)谷區(qū)”?！胺耪Z空”是國內(nèi)首個(gè)鄉(xiāng)宿文創(chuàng)綜合體，設(shè)計(jì)理念是將藝術(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)與鄉(xiāng)村文化相結(jié)合，旨在為村民和游客打造一個(gè)逃離喧囂、回歸自然和閱讀的“桃花源”。

Tonglu Qinglongwu is located in Lusi Village, Fuchunjiang Town, Tonglu County, Hangzhou. It is located on the bank of Fuchun River and surrounded by mountains. In 2009, Luzi Village became the creation point of Hangzhou's "style town", and in 2012, it was included in the core area of Fuchunjiang Slow Life Experience Zone. Since 2014, the Management Committee of Fuchunjiang Town and Slow Life Experience Area has carried out an overall plan for Qinglongwu, Waishenkeng and Lishenkeng to promote the "second entrepreneurship of Hollow village". Through the introduction of boutique projects to revitalize idle houses and stock land, the total investment in the area is close to 200 million yuan. By 2022, all 44 farmhouses in Qinglongwu District have completed investment promotion, and 12 characteristic projects such as "Fangyu Air" and "Liuyun" have been introduced to form an industrial cluster, and are known as "Qinglongwu Art Valley District".

民宿的墻面保留了百年黃泥夯筑工藝，并嵌入竹篾以增強(qiáng)韌性，其冬暖夏涼的特性堪比天然空調(diào)。公區(qū)融合了侘寂風(fēng)與農(nóng)耕美學(xué)——書吧使用曬谷簸箕作為燈罩，茶室的老門板被改造成茶桌，縫隙中還卡著光緒年的銅錢。16間房展示了山居生活的魅力，Loft房設(shè)有全景落地窗，可對(duì)望竹浪，浴缸旁堆放著剛挖的雷筍；私湯房的半露天泡池引入山泉，清晨泡浴時(shí)翠鳥從頭頂栗子樹飛過；親子房則配備了樹屋滑梯和榻榻米帳篷，并提供手作竹蜻蜓與植物標(biāo)本工具包。

The wall of the guest house retains the century-old yellow mud ramming process, and embedded bamboo strips to enhance toughness, its characteristics of warm winter and cool summer comparable to natural air conditioning. Wabi-sabi blends with the farming aesthetic - the book bar uses a sun grain dustpan as a lampshade, and the old door panels of the tea room have been converted into tea tables, with copper coins from Guangxu years stuck in the gaps. The 16 rooms showcase the charm of mountain living, with Loft rooms featuring floor-to-ceiling panoramic Windows overlooking the bamboo waves and freshly dug bamboo shoots stacked by the bathtub; The semi-open pool of the private soup house leads into the mountain spring, and kingfishers fly overhead with chestnut trees during the morning bath. The family room comes with a treehouse slide and tatami tent, as well as a hand-made bamboo dragonfly and plant specimen kit.

二、空間美學(xué)

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

民宿內(nèi)提供的體驗(yàn)既有趣又上鏡，比如設(shè)有透明窗的懸式山井水大泳池，讓人仿佛置身于巴厘島的雨林度假村。民宿所在的青龍塢是一個(gè)古老的村落，步行即可到達(dá)由老宅改造而成的網(wǎng)紅言幾又膠囊書店。

The experiences on offer are both fun and photogenic, such as the large hanging mountain well water pool with transparent Windows, which makes you feel like you are in a Bali rainforest resort. Hostel is located in Qinglongwu is an ancient village, you can take a slow walk, everywhere is the scenery, walking to the old house transformed into the Internet celebrity Jiyou capsule bookstore.

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